What are the 6 conditions of the BESS test?

The BESS test evaluates three stances (Double Leg, Single Leg, Tandem) performed on two surfaces (Firm and Foam) for 20 seconds each with eyes closed.

What is considered a significant deficit in BESS?

An increase of 3 or more errors compared to an athlete's baseline score is generally considered a clinically significant balance deficit.

CONCUSSION PROTOCOL

BESS Pro Assessment

Clinical Postural Stability & Error Scoring Engine

TEST TIMER (20S) 20

Complete scoring to see
Stability Visualizer

CHARTING NOTE

Result should be compared to baseline.

Concussion Assessment

The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) provides a portable, cost-effective, and objective method of assessing static postural stability. It is specifically designed for the clinical management of sports-related concussions.

Official BESS Stance Protocol

Condition 1: Double leg stance on firm surface.
Condition 2: Single leg stance (non-dominant foot) on firm surface.
Condition 3: Tandem stance (non-dominant foot behind) on firm surface.
Conditions 4-6: Repeat the above stances on a medium-density foam pad.

Frequently Asked Questions

What counts as an error in BESS?

- Hands lifted off iliac crests
- Opening eyes
- Step, stumble, or fall
- Hip abduction > 30 degrees

What is the maximum possible score?

The maximum score is 60 (10 errors max per stance). A higher score indicates poorer postural stability.

Clinical Bibliography

1. Guskiewicz KM. Postural stability assessment following concussion. Clin J Sport Med. 2001;11:182-190.
2. Iverson GL, et al. Normative data for the BESS in adults. Rehab Res Pract. 2013.

Dr. Nikhil Mahajan, PT

MPT-Ortho | Clinical Reviewer

Expertly reviewed for clinical adherence to sports medicine stability standards.

EVIDENCE-BASED CLINICAL RESOURCEED