Dental Caries · Epidemiology · WHO Index · Clinical Assessment

DMFT Score Calculator

Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index with surface-level DMFS scoring, WHO caries severity classification, population norm comparison, and complete charting documentation for clinical and epidemiological dental assessment.

Clinically reviewed by Dr. Nikhil Mahajan, PT, MPT  ·  Jan 15, 2026
0 Caries Free No D, M, or F teeth
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1 – 3 Low Caries WHO goal for 12-year-olds
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4 – 6 Moderate Significant caries burden
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≥ 7 High / Very High Intensive prevention needed
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28 max Max Score Permanent teeth (excl. 3rd molars)
Decayed (D) 0
Missing (M) 0
Filled (F) 0
DMFT Total 0
Dentition scope
Number of teeth with active caries lesions — untreated decay. Do NOT include teeth that are decayed AND filled; count as D only.
Number of teeth missing DUE TO CARIES only. Do not count teeth missing from other causes (extraction for orthodontics, trauma, periodontal disease, congenital absence).
Number of teeth with restorations (fillings, crowns) placed DUE TO CARIES. Do not count teeth restored for other reasons (fracture, aesthetic).

DMFS Surface Score Optional

Enter surface counts for the more sensitive DMFS index (max 128 surfaces for 32 teeth)

DMFT Severity Classification — WHO Reference

DMFT ScoreSeverityWHO ClassificationClinical Action
0Caries FreeNo caries experiencePreventive maintenance, fluoride, diet counselling
1 – 3LowWHO Global Goal (≤1.0 for 12-year-olds)Routine care, reinforced oral hygiene instruction
4 – 6ModerateSignificant caries burdenCaries risk assessment, fluoride therapy, dietary assessment
7 – 8HighHigh caries prevalenceIntensive prevention, possible CAMBRA protocol, recall every 3 months
≥ 9Very HighRampant caries patternComprehensive caries management, systemic fluoride, nutritional counselling, consider silver diamine fluoride
Care Index (CI) = F ÷ DMFTProportion of caries experience that has been treated. CI <0.5 = low treatment coverage; CI ≥0.8 = good treatment coverage for population.

US Population DMFT Norms (NHANES)

Age groupMean DMFT% Caries FreeSource
Children 6–11 yrs~1.0–2.5~45–55%NHANES 2015–2018
Adolescents 12–19 yrs~2.5–4.0~35–45%NHANES 2015–2018
Adults 20–34 yrs~4.5–6.0~10–15%NHANES 2015–2018
Adults 35–49 yrs~7.0–9.0~5–8%NHANES 2015–2018
Adults 50–64 yrs~10.0–13.0<3%NHANES 2015–2018
Adults 65+ yrs~13.0–17.0<1%NHANES 2015–2018

What Is the DMFT Index?

The DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) is the most widely used measure of dental caries experience in clinical dentistry and oral epidemiology worldwide. Developed by Klein, Palmer, and Knutson in 1938, it provides a simple, reproducible count of lifetime caries experience across an individual's permanent dentition.

How DMFT is Calculated

Each permanent tooth is examined and classified as one of three categories: D (Decayed) — active untreated caries present; M (Missing) — tooth absent due to caries extraction only; F (Filled) — tooth restored due to previous caries. The sum of D + M + F teeth gives the DMFT score. Maximum score excluding third molars = 28; including third molars = 32. A score of 0 indicates a caries-free patient.

DMFT vs DMFS — When to Use Each

The DMFT counts affected teeth (0–28). The DMFS counts affected surfaces — each posterior tooth has 5 surfaces (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual, occlusal) and each anterior tooth has 4 (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual), giving a maximum of 128 surfaces. DMFS is more sensitive for tracking small changes and is preferred in longitudinal research studies. DMFT is faster to calculate and more practical for routine clinical use and population surveys.

Care Index — What It Tells You

The Care Index (CI = F ÷ DMFT) expresses what proportion of a patient's or population's caries experience has been treated. A CI of 0.8 means 80% of affected teeth have been treated — a high treatment rate. A CI of 0.2 indicates 80% of caries remains untreated — a significant unmet treatment need. The WHO uses CI alongside DMFT for population oral health programme planning.

Clinical Applications

  • Individual risk stratification — DMFT score guides recall interval (high DMFT = 3-month recall) and prevention protocol intensity
  • Population oral health surveys — WHO standard for national and international dental epidemiology studies since 1938
  • Treatment planning — D component drives immediate restorative need; M component informs prosthodontic planning; F component tracks historical treatment burden
  • Insurance and medicolegal documentation — baseline DMFT is required documentation for many dental insurance claims and forensic dental identification
Dr. Nikhil Mahajan, PT, MPT Reviewed January 15, 2026 · View credentials

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good DMFT score?
A DMFT of 0 is the ideal — indicating caries-free status with no decayed, missing, or filled teeth. The WHO Global Goal for 12-year-olds is a mean DMFT of ≤1.0. For adults, a DMFT below the age-specific population mean is considered good oral health. A DMFT of 1–3 indicates low caries experience; 4–6 is moderate; 7–8 is high; ≥9 indicates very high caries burden.
Does DMFT include teeth missing for reasons other than caries?
No — the M component counts ONLY teeth missing due to dental caries. Teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons, periodontal disease, trauma, or congenitally absent teeth are NOT counted in the DMFT index. This distinction is critical for accurate scoring. When in doubt about the reason for tooth loss, record it separately with a notation.
What is the maximum DMFT score?
The maximum DMFT is 28 when third molars (wisdom teeth) are excluded — the standard WHO protocol. If third molars are included, the maximum is 32. For primary (deciduous) dentition, the equivalent index is dmft (lowercase), with a maximum of 20 teeth. This calculator covers the permanent dentition only.
Can a tooth be counted as both D and F?
No. Each tooth is counted only once in the DMFT index. If a tooth has an existing filling but also has active decay in a different surface or around the restoration, it is counted as D (decayed) only — the most severe condition takes precedence. If a tooth is crowned (fully restored), it is counted as F unless there is also active recurrent decay, in which case it becomes D.